Sunday, March 13, 2016

Teaching mindfulness to teens

Dear all,

Hope you are having a great weekend.

Next week we have Pippa Legate back in school for our second Safeguarding visit of the year. Please give her a traditional warm ISHCMC welcome. Also Wednesday is budget day so if there are any items that would be additional to our normal spend please let your Principals know immediately with a cc to me.

This week's Food for Thought returns to focusing our attention on our mindfulness time with students at the start of the day. When I walk round at this time I have to admit I feel that some of our students are missing out on an opportunity to be empowered for their lives ahead, as ultimately what happens in our brains dictates how we live our lives. The article has good links for those still needing some assistance.

Ensuring that mindfulness is embedded and being shared with all our students is the first step for ISHCMC towards becoming a positive education school. As you know that is going to be one of our major goals over the next couple of years.

Have a good day,

Yours
Adrian



Photo Credit: symphony of love via Compfightcc


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“In today’s rush we all think too much – seek too much – want too much – and forget about the joy of just being – Eckhart Tolle
Mindfulness is the practice of ‘just being’ – being aware of the present moment and approaching it in an accepting, curious and open manner. Research on mindfulness practices in schools has shown the benefits to students are wide-ranging, including decreased anxiety and depression, enhanced social skills, increased optimism, and improved academic performance. In fact, researchers are finding through neuroimaging that mindfulness practices change the brain. Dr. Iroise Dumontheil, from the University of London, found the brains of adolescents who practiced mindfulness for as little as eight weeks were able to more quickly refocus on a cognitive task after being distracted. 
With this ever-growing body of evidence, many teachers are keen to weave mindfulness into everyday practice in the classroom. However, some teachers are unsure where to begin, what techniques to use, or how to overcome the challenge of doing something that is outside of the students’ (or the teacher’s) comfort zone.  
As educators, we want our students to be the best they can be inside and outside of the classroom. We want to help them be confident in their abilities, be in control of their emotions and attention, and to feel good about themselves. Teaching them how to be mindful is a beneficial, proven approach to help them achieve this. Here are some basic practices teachers can use to scaffold their students’ learning of the skill of mindfulness.  

Set the scene

When first introducing your students to mindfulness, you can pique their curiosity by giving real-world examples of the powerful ways mindfulness can help them cope with everyday problems. Here are some good hooks for students:
  • The pressure of preparing for and performing well on exams can trigger stress and anxiety. Mindfulness can help teens relax, pick up on patterns in their negative self-talk, and re-focus their attention. 
  • Today’s world is hectic and over-stimulating and can cause us to lose sight of who we are. Mindfulness helps teens slow down, spend time in silence without distractions, learn to be comfortable in their own company and better understand their strengths and passions.
  • Getting into arguments with those we are close to can flood us with negative feelings and thoughts, making it tough to concentrate on anything else. Mindfulness helps teens hold these experiences lightly, view them as temporary and let go of them more easily.
  • Teens love learning about the brain and how it works. Share the latest research with your students on the ways mindfulness can help their brain harness feelings and thoughts.

Model mindfulness

A common question from teachers interested in introducing mindfulness into everyday classroom practice is whether it is necessary to engage in mindfulness practices of their own before teaching these to students. 
As we know with teaching academic subjects, be it maths or history, successfully engaging students does not just depend on whether the teacher has a good amount of content knowledge, it is also about the personality and life experiences they bring to a lesson. Good teaching often comes from reflecting on our learning process and on our struggles to understand complex concepts. 
Reading about mindfulness practices and being comfortable with your script can be a good start. But that may only get your students so far in developing a meaningful and impactful mindfulness practice. Authenticity, particularly with teenagers, is vitally important to engage them deeply, help them recognise the benefits of what they are being taught, and develop a sense of trust. Teenage students appreciate the honesty and openness of teachers who share personal stories of setbacks and growth. This does not mean that the only way to help your students take mindfulness seriously is for you to engage in daily mindfulness meditation yourself. But it does help to be able to share personal experiences of how mindful practices have positively impacted your life.  For example, you might disclose how using mindful breathing helped you get through a stressful job interview. 

Use teen-friendly mindfulness practices

One of the most effective ways to engage teens in mindfulness practices is to use metaphors, comparing abstract concepts to concrete, real-world items. Some examples include:
  • Instructing your students to picture their thoughts and feelings as bubbles floating past.
  • Getting your students to create mindfulness glitter jars to help them understand what happens when their thoughts and emotions get all stirred up.
The best place to have your students start their journey with mindfulness is getting them to focus on their body. This helps ground them to the present moment, builds their physical and emotional awareness, and you can relate it to sport. In sport, when we have present-moment awareness of our bodies and an acceptance of that moment, we become completely focused on the athletic task, are not as easily distracted by external events, have fewer negative thoughts about our performance, and as a result we achieve peak performance.  
Here are some useful mindfulness resources that you could use to engage your students:
  • Reachout Breathe – an app that reduces the physical symptoms of stress and anxiety by helping the user control their breathing and heart rate.
  • Music e-scape – an app that uses the user’s music library to help them reach their desired mood.
  • Smiling mind – an app for young people that makes meditation more accessible.
  • Guided meditations – a range of guided meditation recordings for teens.

Challenges to practice

Some common complaints of students about mindfulness is that their minds wander too much or they cannot sit still and do nothing. Let you students know that mindfulness is a practice. Like any sort of training, there will be days that are easier and days that are harder, and that distractions are part of the process. Introduce the mindfulness concept of self-compassion – not judging ourselves on how good or bad we are going, but embracing who we are in that moment. 
Despite your best efforts to ‘hook’ your students, some still might not be motivated to engage with mindfulness. If this is the case, you may want to consider using a creative approach that links to prior learning. In his recently published book, Mindfulness & Character Strengths, Ryan Niemiec, the Education Director at the Values in Action (VIA) Institute in the USA, suggests there is great value in basing mindfulness practices on one’s top character strengths. Character strengths are “those strengths we bring forth most naturally across multiple settings and infuse us with energy. As they are core to identity, they help individuals to function at their best and maintain a sense of authenticity” (p. 26-27). Using the VIA youth survey, help each of your students identify their top character strengths and then engage them in individualised practices based on these strengths. If a student’s top strength is Appreciation of Beauty and Excellence, you might engage him or her in guided imagery, such as visualising walking through a serene landscape. If confronting time constraints, you might instead choose to identify the top three most common character strengths of the entire class. If a top strength in the class is Curiosity, you could engage the group in walking meditation. If Kindness is a top classroom strength, you could engage the class in loving-kindness meditation. 
Some students may be skeptical or think practicing mindfulness is pointless. It often takes just one session though to change this opinion. Giving your students the chance to experience these practices first hand can be the most powerful testament of how mindfulness does calm the body and refocus the mind. Similarly, some teachers may find it daunting to teach mindfulness because, unlike other areas of learning in the classroom, we are unable to measure how much impact mindfulness has actually had on our students or what level of skill they have acquired. Rest assured, mindfulness is a truly personal experience, it takes time and practice, and a bit of commitment and flexibility from the teacher will go a long way.  So we encourage you to take that daring leap - give mindfulness a go with your students today!
If you would like to get more ideas on how to introduce mindfulness practices into your classroom, come along to our upcoming one-day training course, Exploring Mindfulness.

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